China’s official news agency has called for “international supervision over the issue of US dollars” and for the US to “live within its means” in the wake of Standard & Poor’s decision to downgrade America’s credit rating. 

在標準普爾（Standard & Poor's）決定下調美國的主權信用評級后，中國官方通訊社新華社呼吁“美元的發行應該受到國際監督”，并呼吁美國“量入為出”。

　　The remarks underscore the frustration of China，the world’s second-largest economy and biggest holder of US debt，at having the fate of its foreign exchange reserves so intertwined with US fiscal health.

這些言論突顯出，中國對本國外匯儲備的命運與美國財政健康狀況糾纏在一起感到郁悶。中國是全球第二大經濟體，也是美國國債的最大海外持有者。

　　“The days when the debt-ridden Uncle Sam could leisurely squander unlimited overseas borrowing appeared to be numbered，”said a Xinhua commentary. “To cure its addiction to debts，the United States has to re-establish the common sense principle that one should live within one’s means.”

“債臺高筑的山姆大叔能夠從容揮霍無止境海外借款的日子似乎不多了，”新華社的一篇評論文章稱。“美國要戒掉‘債癮’，就必須重新樹立量入為出這個常識性的原則。”

　　Despite the fiery rhetoric，Beijing’s insistence on keeping tight control over the value of its own currency means it will have to continue investing its swelling foreign reserves in US government bonds for the foreseeable future.

盡管言辭激烈，但北京方面堅持嚴格控制人民幣匯率的做法意味著，在可以預見的未來中國別無他法，只能繼續把不斷膨脹的外匯儲備投資于美國國債。

　　China has the largest foreign reserves in the world，with an estimated two-thirds of the $3，197bn total denominated in US dollars. It stands to lose most from any fall in the value of the US dollar.

　　中國擁有全球最大的外匯儲備。在3.197萬億美元的外匯儲備總額中，估計有三分之二為美元資產。若美元走低，中國將遭受嚴重損失。

　　On Sunday，South Korea and Japan said they had not changed their view on US Treasuries following the S&P move.

　　周日，韓國和日本表示，標普下調美國評級后，它們對美國國債的看法并無變化。

　　“Japanese authorities think there is no problem regarding the creditworthiness of US Treasuries and US government bonds will continue to be attractive assets，”a Japanese official said.

　　“日本政府認為，美國國債的信用可靠性沒有問題，美國國債仍將是具有吸引力的資產，”一名日本官員表示。

　　In contrast，Xinhua said China “has every right now to demand the United States to address its structural debt problems and ensure the safety of China’s dollar assets”。

　　與此形成反差的是，新華社稱，中國“絕對有權利要求美國應對其結構性債務問題，保障中國所持美元資產的安全性”。

　　There has been no official comment from Beijing since the downgrade. On Friday，China’s foreign minister called on the US to enact “responsible monetary policies to maintain the trend of global economic recovery and ensure stable development of the world economy”。He said China “hopes the US can adopt measures to ensure that the assets held by other countries in the US are safe”。

　　自標普下調美國評級以來，北京方面沒有發表官方評論。上周五，中國外長楊潔篪呼吁美國“從保持世界經濟復蘇勢頭、確保全球經濟穩定發展的大局出發，實行負責任的貨幣政策。”他表示，中國“希望美方采取切實措施保障各國在美資產安全。”

　　The lack of an attractive alternative reserve currency to the dollar and the debt crisis in Europe mean that China will be forced to continue buying dollars in the near term.

　　 缺乏足以替代美元的另一種有吸引力的儲備貨幣，加上歐洲的債務危機，這一切都意味著中國在短期內將被迫繼續購買美元。

　　Xinhua also called for the US to make substantial cuts to its “gigantic military expenditure and bloated social welfare costs” and said “a new，stable and secured global reserve currency may also be an option to avert a catastrophe caused by any single country”。

　　新華社的文章還呼吁美國大幅削減“龐大的軍費和社會福利開支”，并稱“一種穩定且安全的新全球儲備貨幣，或許也可用來避免任何單一國家帶來的災難。”