Global miners BHP Billiton, Rio Tinto and Vale of Brazil will demand further price increases for steelmaking commodities iron ore and coking coal, as strong Chinese demand and supply disruptions keep the market tight.

　　全球礦商必和必拓(BHP Billiton)、力拓(Rio Tinto)和巴西淡水河谷(Vale)將要求鐵礦石和煉焦煤等煉鋼用大宗商品進(jìn)一步漲價(jià)。目前中國強(qiáng)勁的需求和供應(yīng)中斷使市場持續(xù)吃緊。

　　The cost of iron ore and coking coal is key to the global economy as it filters into steel and ultimately everyday goods.

　　鐵礦石和煉焦煤價(jià)格通過鋼材，最終傳遞至各種日用品，因而對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)而言十分關(guān)鍵。

　　Mining and steel executives said, on average, iron ore prices for the third quarter would rise by 30-35 per cent while coking coal prices would increase by 10-15 per cent, either pushing up the cost of steel or denting steelmakers' profits.

　　礦業(yè)和鋼鐵業(yè)高管表示，第三季度鐵礦石平均價(jià)格將上漲30%至35%，煉焦煤價(jià)格將上漲10%至15%。其結(jié)果要么推高鋼材價(jià)格，要么壓縮鋼鐵制造商的利潤。

　　These rises come on top of increases of 90-100 per cent for iron ore and 55 per cent for coking coal in the second quarter, which triggered fears of higher inflation in emerging nations.

　　此前，第二季度鐵礦石價(jià)格已經(jīng)上漲了90%至100%，煉焦煤價(jià)格也上漲了55%，這引發(fā)了人們對(duì)新興國家通脹加劇的擔(dān)憂。

　　The rises, which cover the July-September period, will be the first triggered by the new quarterly pricing system linked to the spot market. The scheme replaced the 40-year-old benchmark system of annual contracts and lengthy price negotiations this year.

　　今年7月至9月的第三季度，與現(xiàn)貨市場掛鉤的新季度定價(jià)機(jī)制將首次觸發(fā)漲價(jià)。今年，該定價(jià)機(jī)制取代了有40年歷史的年度合約基準(zhǔn)定價(jià)機(jī)制，省卻了冗長的價(jià)格談判過程。

　　“The super-cycle for bulk commodities remains on track,” said Melinda Moore, commodities analyst at Credit Suisse.

　　瑞信(Credit Suisse)大宗商品分析師梅林達(dá)•摩爾(Melinda Moore)表示：“大宗商品仍處于超級(jí)周期。”

　　Ekkehard Schulz, chief executive of Germany's Thyssen-Krupp, one of the world's largest steelmakers, warned at the weekend of a bubble in raw materials.

　　德國蒂森克虜伯(ThyssenKrupp)首席執(zhí)行官埃克哈德•舒爾茨(Ekkehard Schulz)上周末警告稱，原材料市場正出現(xiàn)泡沫。蒂森克虜伯為全球最大的鋼鐵制造商之一。

　　“The dimensions [of the bubble] could even be larger than the real estate problem in the US two years ago. If we are not prepared to take decisive action against raw materials speculators . . . they will become a serious threat to the entire steel sector and the global economy,” he told Der Spiegel magazine.

　　“[泡沫的]規(guī)模甚至可能超過了兩年前美國的房地產(chǎn)泡沫。如果我們不準(zhǔn)備好對(duì)原材料投機(jī)商采取果斷行動(dòng)……他們將對(duì)整個(gè)鋼鐵業(yè)乃至全球經(jīng)濟(jì)構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅，”他對(duì)德國《明鏡周刊》(Der Spiegel)表示。

　　Steel and mining executives said iron ore prices would surge to $130-$135 a tonne, up from $100 this quarter and $60 a tonne last year. Coking coal prices would hit $225 a tonne next quarter, up from $200 in April-June and $129 last year.

　　鋼鐵業(yè)和礦業(yè)高管表示，第三季度鐵礦石價(jià)格將從本季度每噸100美元和去年的60美元驟增至每噸130至135美元。煉焦煤價(jià)格則將增至每噸225美元，遠(yuǎn)高于第二季度的200美元和去年的129美元。

　　The final price will fluctuate from company to company due to the use of different price formulas. In general, quarterly contracts are set based on a three-month average of price indices for the period ending one month before the onset of the new quarter.

　　由于采用了不同的價(jià)格計(jì)算方法，各個(gè)公司的最終價(jià)格會(huì)有所差異。總的說來，季度合約的計(jì)算是基于截至新季度開始一個(gè)月以前的三個(gè)月價(jià)格指數(shù)平均值。

　　Companies use different systems, including one- and two-month averages.

　　各公司采用了不同的計(jì)算方法，包括一個(gè)月和兩個(gè)月平均值。

　　Spot iron ore and coking coal prices hit their highest level in two years early this month as crude steel production surged.

　　隨著粗鋼生產(chǎn)激增，本月早些時(shí)候，鐵礦石和煉焦煤現(xiàn)貨價(jià)格達(dá)到了兩年來最高水平。