對于想考CFA的金融小白們，一些金融常識大家要了解！CFA考試難主要在于它是全英文考試，對于母語是漢語的我們來講，這本身就是一個挑戰。小編總結了30個CFA考生必知的金融詞匯，趕緊來看看！

1.Financial reporting: refers to the way companies show their financial performance to investors, creditors, and other interested parties by preparing and presenting financial statements.

2. Operating cash flows: the cash effects of transactions that involve the normal business of the firm.

3. Investing cash flows: those resulting from the acquisition or sale of property, plant, and equipment; of a subsidiary or segment; of securities; and of investments in other firms.

4. Financing cash flows: those resulting from issuance or retirement of the firm's debt and equity securities and include dividends paid to stockholders.

5. Non-sovereign governments: issued by government entities that are not national governments, such as the state of California or the city of Toronto.

6. Supranational entities: Issued by organizations that operate globally such as the World Bank, the European Investment Bank, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

7. Money market securities: bonds with original maturities of one year or less.

8. Capital market securities: bonds with original maturities of more than one year.

9. Zero-coupon bonds: bonds pay no interest prior to maturity.

10. Real estate investments: include residential or commercial properties as well as real estate backed debt.

11. Commodities: To gain exposure to changes in commodities prices, investors can own physical commodities, commodities derivatives, or the equity of commodity producing firms.

12. Infrastructure: long-lived assets that provide public services.

13. Angel investing: investments made very early in a firm's life, often the “idea” stage, and the investment funds are used for business plans and assessing market potential.

14. Residential property: a direct investment in real estate.

15. Merger arbitrage: Buy the shares of a firm being acquired and sell short the firm making the acquisition.

16. Debt securities: promises to repay borrowed funds.

17. Equity securities: represent ownership positions.

18. Public (publicly traded) securities: traded on exchanges or through securities dealers and are subject to regulatory oversight.

19. Private securities: securities that are not traded in public markets.

20. Physical derivative contracts: derive their values from the values of physical assets such as gold, oil, and wheat.

21. Money markets: markets for securities with maturities of one year or less.

22. Capital markets: markets for longer-term debt securities and equity securities that have no specific maturity date.

23. Warrants: similar to options in that they give the holder the right to buy a firm's equity shares (usually common stock) at a fixed exercise price prior to the warrant's expiration.

24. Exchanges: provide a venue where traders can meet. Exchanges sometimes act as brokers by providing electronic order matching.

25. Alternative trading systems (ATS): serve the same trading function as exchanges but have no regulatory function.

26. A contingent claim: a claim (to a payoff) that depends on a particular event.

27. Forward contract: one party agrees to buy and the counterparty to sell a physical or financial asset at a specific price on a specific date in the future.

28. American options: may be exercised at any time up to and including the contract's expiration date.

29. European options: can be exercised only on the contract's expiration date.

30. Endowment: a fund that is dedicated to provide financial support on an ongoing basis for a specific purpose.

CFA考試有一定的難度，對于小白考生，了解一些金融常識和金融詞匯是非常必要的。

CFA小白必備的金融常識>>

想成為行業所需高端人才，必須要讓自身能夠得到提升，2021年CFA考試已經向你揮手了，要抓住每分每秒提升自己能力的機會。

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